Adaptation of the methodology ‘Family Life Through the Eyes of Parents’ (E. Schaefer, R. Bell) into the Kazakh language in a shortened version

Abstract

Parental attitudes are a set of beliefs, values, and behavioral tendencies that determine the nature of child-parent relationships and the emotional climate of the family. The "Parent Attitude Research Instrument (PARI)" methodology, developed by E. Schaeffer and R. Bell, is used to study parents' perception of family life and educational practices. In recent years, there has been a need to adapt this tool to the cultural and linguistic conditions of Kazakhstan. The purpose of this study was to adapt a valid and reliable Kazakh-language version of the "PARI" methodology, reflecting the peculiarities of parental attitudes in modern socio-cultural conditions.

The study used a consistent design combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. At the stage of developing the scale, the translation and linguistic and cultural adaptation of the original points, an expert assessment of their substantive validity and testing on a sample of Kazakhstani parents were carried out. According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis, a factor structure was identified that includes key aspects of parental attitudes – excessive maternal care, an authoritarian position in parenting, family fatigue and tension, a democratic position and orientation towards cooperation, flexibility of gender roles and family autonomy. The structure was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, which allowed us to establish an acceptable level of consistency and adequacy of the model.

Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the Kazakh-language version of the "PARI" methodology is a psychometrically sound, valid and reliable tool suitable for further use in psychological studies of family, upbringing and intergenerational relations in the Kazakh context.